I. Review of work in the past five years

The five years since the first meeting of the 12th National People's Congress is an extraordinary five years in the development process of our country. In the face of extremely complicated domestic and international situations, the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core united and led the people of all nationalities in the country to move forward, coordinate the overall layout of the "five in one", coordinate and promote the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, reform and opening up. The socialist modernization drive has comprehensively opened up a new situation. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China established the historical status of Xi Jinping’s socialist ideology with Chinese characteristics in the new era, and formulated a grand blueprint and action plan for decisively building a well-off society in an all-round way and winning the great victory of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era. It has great practical significance and far-reaching history. significance. All localities and departments have continuously enhanced their political awareness, overall awareness, core awareness, and awareness of compliance, and thoroughly implemented the new development concept. The 12th Five-Year Plan was successfully completed, the 13th Five-Year Plan was successfully implemented, and economic and social development achieved historic achievements. Historical changes have taken place.

In the past five years, economic strength has leapt to a new level. The GDP has increased from 54 trillion yuan to 82.7 trillion yuan, with an average annual growth rate of 7.1%. The proportion of the world economy has increased from 11.4% to 15%, and the contribution rate to world economic growth has exceeded 30%. Fiscal revenue increased from 11.7 trillion yuan to 17.3 trillion yuan. Consumer prices rose by 1.9% annually, keeping a low level. More than 66 million new jobs have been created in cities and towns, and large countries with a population of more than 1.3 billion have achieved full employment.

In the past five years, major changes have taken place in the economic structure. The contribution rate of consumption increased from 54.9% to 58.8%, and the proportion of service industry rose from 45.3% to 51.6%, becoming the main driving force for economic growth. High-tech manufacturing grew at an average annual rate of 11.7%. The grain production capacity reached 1.2 trillion jin. The urbanization rate has increased from 52.6% to 58.5%, and more than 80 million agricultural transfer populations have become urban residents.

In the past five years, innovation has driven fruitful development. The investment in R&D of the whole society has grown at an average annual rate of 11%, and the scale has leapt to the second place in the world The contribution rate of scientific and technological progress increased from 52.2% to 57.5%. Major innovations such as manned space flight, deep sea exploration, quantum communication, and large aircraft continue to emerge. High-speed rail networks, e-commerce, mobile payments, and sharing economy are leading the world. "Internet +" is widely integrated into all walks of life. Mass entrepreneurship and innovation have flourished, and the number of newly established enterprises has increased from more than 5,000 to more than 16,000. The new kinetic energy of rapid rise is reshaping the pattern of economic growth and profoundly changing the way of production and life, and has become a new symbol of China's innovation and development.

In the past five years, major steps have been taken in reform and opening up. The reform has made full efforts, made breakthroughs and deepened progress, and made breakthroughs in reforms in important areas and key links. Reforms such as decentralization, integration, and optimization of services have led to profound changes in government functions, and market vitality and social creativity have increased significantly. The “Belt and Road” construction has achieved remarkable results, and the structure of foreign trade and foreign capital utilization has been optimized and its scale has been at the forefront of the world.

In the past five years, people’s lives have continued to improve. Deprivation of poverty has made decisive progress, with more than 68 million poor people and 8.3 million people moving to poverty alleviation. The incidence of poverty has dropped from 10.2% to 3.1%. Residents' income grew at an average annual rate of 7.4%, surpassing economic growth, and forming the world's most populous middle-income group. The number of outbound tourists increased from 83 million to more than 130 million. Social pension insurance covers more than 900 million people, and basic medical insurance covers 1.35 billion people, woven the world's largest social security network. Life expectancy per capita reached 76.7 years. More than 26 million housing renovations were carried out in shantytowns, more than 17 million households were renovated in rural dilapidated buildings, and hundreds of millions of people moved to new homes.

In the past five years, the ecological environment has gradually improved. Formulate and implement three “Ten Articles” for prevention and control of atmospheric, water and soil pollution and achieve solid results. The energy consumption and water consumption per unit of GDP decreased by more than 20%, the discharge of major pollutants continued to decline, the number of heavy pollution days in key cities was reduced by half, the forest area increased by 163 million mu, and the area of ​​desertified land was reduced by nearly 2,000 square kilometers per year. Green development is a gratifying situation.

In the past 2017, the main objectives and tasks of economic and social development were fully completed and better than expected. The GDP grew by 6.9%, and the income of residents increased by 7.3%. The growth rate was faster than that of the previous year; the number of new jobs in urban areas was 13.51 million, and the unemployment rate was the lowest in years; the growth rate of industry rebounded and the profits of enterprises increased by 21%; Fiscal revenue increased by 7.4%, reversing the slowdown in growth; import and export increased by 14.2%, and actual use of foreign capital was US$136.3 billion, a record high. Economic development presents a good situation in which growth and quality, structure and efficiency complement each other. This is the result of a series of major policy effects accumulation in the past five years, and unremitting efforts and long-term efforts in all aspects.

The all-round and groundbreaking achievements that have been made in the past five years have brought about profound and fundamental changes that have once again attracted the attention of the world. People of all nationalities in the country are very excited and proud.

In the past five years, we have conscientiously implemented the decision-making arrangements of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping as the core, and have mainly done the following work.

(1) Adhere to the general tone of steady and progressive work, focus on innovation and improve macroeconomic regulation and control, keep economic operations in a reasonable range, and achieve steady and positive progress.

In recent years, the world economic recovery has been weak, the international financial market has been ups and downs, and protectionism has risen markedly. The structural problems and deep-seated contradictions in China's economic development have been highlighted, and the downward pressure on the economy has continued to increase. It has encountered many difficulties and difficult choices. In the face of this situation, we will maintain our strategic strength and persist in not engaging in the "great water flooding" style of strong stimulus, but adapt to grasp and lead the new normal of economic development, coordinating steady growth, promoting reform, restructuring, benefiting people's livelihood, and preventing risks. Constantly innovate and improve macroeconomic regulation and control, establish ideas and methods for interval control, and strengthen directional regulation, camera regulation, and precise regulation. It is clearly emphasized that as long as the economy operates in a reasonable range, employment increases, income growth, and environmental improvement, we will concentrate on promoting reform, restructuring, and adding momentum.

We will take measures that are both more profitable and long-term, focus on structural reforms on the supply side, moderately expand aggregate demand, and promote a higher level of supply and demand dynamic balance. After hard work, we have withstood the downward pressure on the economy, avoided a "hard landing", maintained rapid economic growth, promoted structural optimization, and continued to consolidate and develop the long-term fundamentals of the economy.

Adhere to the implementation of a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy. Under the contradiction of fiscal revenue and expenditure, focusing on “water release and fish farming” and strengthening stamina, China took the lead in significantly reducing taxes and reducing fees. In a step-by-step manner, the reform of the camp was fully promoted, and the history of business tax collection for 66 years was over. The accumulated tax cuts exceeded 2 trillion yuan. In addition, the tax incentives for small and micro enterprises and the cleanup of various charges were adopted to alleviate the burden on the market. More than 100 million yuan. Strengthen local government debt management, implement local government stock debt swaps, and reduce the interest burden by 1.2 trillion yuan.

Adjust the structure of fiscal expenditures, revitalize funds, and guarantee basic livelihood and key projects. The fiscal deficit rate has been kept below 3%. Monetary policy remained stable and neutral, the growth rate of broad money M2 showed a downward trend, and the scale of credit and social financing grew moderately. Differentiated policies such as targeted RRR reduction and special refinancing were adopted to strengthen support for key areas and weak links. The growth rate of small and micro enterprise loans was higher than the average growth rate of various loans. Reform and improve the formation mechanism of exchange rate marketization, keep the RMB exchange rate basically stable, and reduce foreign exchange reserves to rise. Properly respond to abnormal fluctuations in financial markets such as “money shortage”, standardize financial market order, prevent and resolve risks in key areas, maintain the bottom line without systemic risks, and safeguard national economic and financial security.

(2) Adhere to the supply-side structural reform as the main line, focus on cultivating and strengthening new kinetic energy, and accelerate the optimization and upgrading of the economic structure.

We must rely on reform to solve the problems of economic development and structural imbalances, vigorously develop emerging industries, transform and upgrade traditional industries, and improve the quality and efficiency of supply systems.

Solidly promote "three to one, one drop and one supplement". In the past five years, on the basis of eliminating backward production capacity such as cement and flat glass, the focus of the steel, coal and other industries has increased the capacity of the de-capacity. The central government has allocated 100 billion yuan of special award funds to support the diversion of workers. Withdrawal of steel production capacity of more than 170 million tons, coal production capacity of 800 million tons, resettlement of more than 1.1 million workers. Due to the classification and guidance of the city's policy, the destocking of commodity houses in the third- and fourth-tier cities has achieved remarkable results, and the price rise of hot cities has been controlled. Actively and steadily de-leveraging, controlling the scale of debt, increasing equity financing, the asset-liability ratio of industrial enterprises continued to decline, the growth rate of macro-latency ratios narrowed significantly, and the overall stability. Take measures and reduce costs, reduce government fund projects by 30%, reduce more than 60% of the enterprise-related fees set up at the central government level, reduce the proportion of “five insurance and one gold” payment, and promote the reduction of energy use, logistics, telecommunications, etc. cost. Highlight the key points to increase the strength of the short board.

Speed ​​up the transformation of new and old development kinetic energy. Intensively carry out "Internet +" actions, implement inclusive and prudent supervision, promote the widespread application of big data, cloud computing, and Internet of Things, vigorously develop emerging industries, and profoundly reshape traditional industries. The implementation of "Made in China 2025" will promote major projects such as industrial strong base, intelligent manufacturing and green manufacturing, and the advanced manufacturing industry will accelerate development. The introduction of modern service industry reform and development measures, the new mode of service new business has sprung up, and promoted the integration and upgrading of various industries. Deepen the structural reform of the supply side of agriculture, a large number of new types of business entities emerged, and the proportion of moderate scale operations of the planting industry increased from 30% to over 40%. Measures were taken to increase the income of low- and middle-income earners, promote the upgrading of traditional consumption, and the rapid rise of emerging consumption. The online retail sales increased by more than 30% annually, and the total retail sales of consumer goods increased by 11.3% annually.

Optimize the investment structure, encourage private investment, play the role of government investment, and guide more funds to invest in a strong foundation, increase stamina, and benefit the people's livelihood. The mileage of high-speed railways has increased from more than 9,000 kilometers to 25,000 kilometers, accounting for two-thirds of the world's total. The mileage of highways has increased from 96,000 kilometers to 136,000 kilometers. The number of newly-built rural roads has reached 1.27 million kilometers, and 46 new civil aviation airports have been built. 122 major water conservancy projects were started, and a new round of rural power grid reconstruction was completed to build the world's largest mobile broadband network. In the past five years, the development of new kinetic energy has grown rapidly. The realization of economic growth has shifted from relying mainly on investment and export to relying on consumption, investment and export. It has mainly relied on the secondary industry to turn to relying on three industries to jointly drive. This is a major structural change that we have not realized for many years.

To promote the structural reform of the supply side, it is necessary to break down the barriers to the marketization of factors and reduce the cost of institutional transactions. In response to the long-standing problem of heavy approval, light supervision and weak service, we continue to deepen the reform of “distribution service”, accelerate the transformation of government functions, reduce micro-management and direct intervention, and focus on strengthening macro-control, market supervision and public services. In the past five years, the administrative examination and approval items of the State Council have been reduced by 44%, the non-administrative licensing approval has been completely terminated, the enterprise investment projects approved by the central government level have been reduced by 90%, the administrative examination and approval intermediary services have been reduced by 74%, and the vocational qualifications and certifications have been greatly reduced.

Central government pricing projects have shrunk by 80%, and local government pricing projects have shrunk by more than 50%. A comprehensive reform of the industrial and commercial registration system, registered capital and other commercial systems, the company's start-up time is shortened by more than one third. Innovate and strengthen post-event supervision, implement “double random, open”, randomly select inspectors and inspection targets, and timely publicly investigate and investigate results, improving supervision effectiveness and impartiality. Implement "Internet + government services" and implement one-stop services and other initiatives. The business environment continued to improve, the market vitality was significantly enhanced, and the people's work was more convenient.

(3) Adhere to innovation and lead development, focus on stimulating social creativity, and significantly improve overall innovation capability and efficiency.

Implementing an innovation-driven development strategy, optimizing the innovation ecosystem, and forming an innovative situation in which multi-agent synergy and all-round advancement. Expand the scientific research autonomy of scientific research institutions and universities, improve scientific research projects and fund management, and deepen the reform of the management of rights and interests in scientific and technological achievements. Support Beijing and Shanghai to build a science and technology innovation center, and set up 14 national independent innovation demonstration zones to drive the formation of a number of regional innovation highlands. Strengthening the construction of technological innovation system with enterprises as the main body, and emerging a number of innovative enterprises and new research and development institutions with international competitiveness. In-depth public entrepreneurship, innovation, implementation of inclusive support policies, improve the incubation system. The number of market players reached more than 98 million, an increase of more than 70% in five years. The number of domestic effective invention patents has tripled and the number of technology transactions has doubled. China's scientific and technological innovation has shifted from follow-up to more fields, running and leading, and has become a hot spot for innovation and entrepreneurship around the world.

(4) Adhere to comprehensive and deepening reforms, focus on breaking the shortcomings of the system and mechanism, and continuously develop the driving force.

The reform of state-owned enterprises and state-owned enterprises has been solidly promoted, the reform of the company system has been basically completed, and positive progress has been made in mergers and acquisitions, reduction of levels, improvement of quality and efficiency. The efficiency of state-owned enterprises has clearly improved, and profits increased by 23.5% last year. Deepen reforms in the fields of energy, railways and salt industry. Relaxation of market access for the non-public economy. Establish a unified registration system for real estate. Improve the system of property rights protection. Significant progress has been made in fiscal and taxation reforms, comprehensive implementation of fiscal budgets and final accounts, construction of central and local income distribution patterns based on shared taxes, and reform of central and local fiscal powers and expenditures, and the central government’s general transfer payments have increased substantially. Special transfer payment projects are reduced by two-thirds.

Basically liberalize interest rate control, establish a deposit insurance system, promote large and medium-sized commercial banks to establish inclusive financial institutions, deepen reform of policy and development financial institutions, and strengthen financial regulatory coordination mechanisms. We will improve the mechanism for promoting the balanced development of compulsory education in urban and rural areas and reform the examination enrollment system. Establish a unified basic old-age pension and medical insurance system for urban and rural residents, and achieve the integration of government and public institutions and enterprise pension insurance systems. The introduction of some state-owned capital to enrich the social security fund program. The implementation of medical, medical insurance, and pharmaceutical linkage reforms, comprehensively promoted the comprehensive reform of public hospitals, canceled the long-term implementation of the drug addition policy, and made breakthroughs in the reform of the drug medical device approval system. We will promote the reform of the “three powers” ​​of rural contracted land, and ensure that the area of ​​power is over 80%, and reform the system of purchasing and storing important agricultural products. We will improve the system of main functional areas, establish a performance evaluation and accountability system for ecological civilization, implement the system of river length and lake length, and carry out pilot reforms of vertical management systems for environmental protection institutions below the provincial level. The deepening of reforms in various fields has promoted sustained and healthy economic and social development.

(5) Adhere to the basic national policy of opening to the outside world, focus on achieving win-win cooperation, and significantly improve the level of open economy.

Advocate and promote the "One Belt and One Road", initiate the establishment of the Asian Investment Bank, set up the Silk Road Fund, and land a number of major interconnection and economic and trade cooperation projects. Set up 11 free trade pilot zones such as Shanghai, and a number of reform pilot projects were promoted nationwide. The reform of the export tax rebate burden mechanism and the tax rebate increase are all borne by the central government. 13 cross-border e-commerce comprehensive experimental zones have been set up. The “single window” of international trade covers the whole country, and the customs clearance time is shortened by more than half on average. . Foreign investment has shifted from the approval system to the negative list management, and restrictive measures have been cut by two-thirds. The structure of foreign investment is optimized, and the proportion of high-tech industries has doubled. Increase the intelligence level, foreign specialties to work in China